Grade: 9 Subject: SAT/ACT Skills Unit: Vocabulary System Lesson: 4 of 6 SAT: Craft+Structure ACT: Reading

Context Clues

Learning Objectives

In this lesson, you will:

  • Identify five types of context clues
  • Practice using context to determine word meaning
  • Apply strategies for SAT/ACT vocabulary-in-context questions
  • Recognize signal words that indicate context clue types

Practice Quiz

Use context clues to determine word meanings. Click to reveal each answer.

Question 1: "The committee reached a consensus; everyone agreed that the proposal should move forward." What type of context clue is used for "consensus"?

Answer: Definition clue - the word is directly defined.

Explanation: The semicolon introduces a restatement: "everyone agreed" directly defines consensus as general agreement.

Question 2: "Unlike her loquacious brother who never stopped talking, Maya was quiet and reserved." What does "loquacious" mean, and what type of clue is used?

Answer: Talkative. This is a contrast clue.

Explanation: "Unlike" signals a contrast. Since Maya is "quiet and reserved," her brother must be the opposite - very talkative.

Question 3: "The hikers were famished after their long trek; they devoured sandwiches, chips, and fruit immediately." What does "famished" mean?

Answer: Extremely hungry.

Explanation: This uses an example clue. The examples of devouring food show the intensity of their hunger after the trek.

Question 4: "The child's whimpering, or soft crying, told us something was wrong." What type of context clue defines "whimpering"?

Answer: Synonym/definition clue using "or."

Explanation: The phrase "or soft crying" directly provides a synonym. Signal words like "or," "that is," and "in other words" often introduce definitions.

Question 5: "The professor was known for her parsimony; she reused paper clips, turned off lights obsessively, and never spent unnecessarily." What does "parsimony" mean?

Answer: Extreme frugality or stinginess.

Explanation: Example clues show extreme money-saving behavior. The examples (reusing paper clips, obsessive about lights) illustrate the concept.

Question 6: "The once-vibrant neighborhood had become decrepit: buildings crumbled, weeds overtook gardens, and paint peeled from every surface." What does "decrepit" mean?

Answer: Worn out, deteriorated, in a state of decay.

Explanation: The colon introduces examples (crumbling buildings, overgrown weeds, peeling paint) that illustrate the meaning.

Question 7: "Her trepidation about the interview was evident; her hands shook and her voice trembled." What does "trepidation" mean?

Answer: Fear or anxiety; nervous apprehension.

Explanation: The physical symptoms described (shaking hands, trembling voice) are inference clues that show fear and nervousness.

Question 8: "Although he appeared languid during the meeting, James worked energetically when no one was watching." What type of clue helps define "languid"?

Answer: Contrast clue. "Languid" means lacking energy, sluggish.

Explanation: "Although" signals contrast with "worked energetically," so languid must mean the opposite - slow, lacking energy.

Question 9: "The speaker used hyperbole, such as 'I've told you a million times,' to emphasize her point." What type of clue is used?

Answer: Example clue with "such as."

Explanation: Hyperbole means extreme exaggeration. The example "I've told you a million times" illustrates this exaggeration technique.

Question 10: "The medicine had an adverse effect, causing headaches and nausea instead of relieving symptoms." What does "adverse" mean and how do you know?

Answer: Harmful or negative. This uses contrast and example clues.

Explanation: "Instead of relieving symptoms" contrasts the expected outcome. The examples (headaches, nausea) show harmful effects.

Next Steps

  • Practice identifying context clue types in your reading
  • Look for signal words that introduce context clues
  • Move on to review mistakes when ready