Grade: 9 Subject: ELA (Writing) Unit: Argument Essays Lesson: 6 of 6 SAT: ExpressionOfIdeas ACT: Writing

Unit Checkpoint

Instructions

This checkpoint covers all concepts from the Argument Essays unit:

  • Thesis development and structure
  • Body paragraph organization
  • Evidence and reasoning
  • Counterarguments and rebuttals
  • Rhetorical techniques and analysis

Unit Checkpoint

Complete all 10 questions. Click each to check your answer.

Question 1: What are the three classical rhetorical appeals, and which focuses on the speaker's credibility?

Answer: Ethos (credibility), Pathos (emotion), Logos (logic). Ethos focuses on credibility.

Explanation: A strong argument typically uses all three: establishing trust, connecting emotionally, and providing logical evidence.

Question 2: What makes this a weak thesis? "There are pros and cons to year-round schooling."

Answer: It doesn't take a clear position on the issue.

Explanation: An argumentative thesis must make a debatable claim, not simply acknowledge that debate exists.

Question 3: In the PEEL paragraph structure, what do the letters stand for?

Answer: Point, Evidence, Explanation, Link

Explanation: Make your point (topic sentence), provide evidence, explain how it supports your claim, and link to your thesis or next point.

Question 4: Why should you address counterarguments in your essay?

Answer: Addressing counterarguments shows you've considered multiple perspectives, strengthens your credibility, and allows you to refute opposing views.

Explanation: Ignoring opposing views makes your argument seem one-sided and less persuasive.

Question 5: Identify the fallacy: "If we let students choose their own books, they'll only read comics, then stop reading altogether, and eventually become illiterate."

Answer: Slippery slope fallacy

Explanation: This assumes an extreme chain of events will inevitably follow without providing evidence for each step in the chain.

Question 6: What is the difference between a claim and evidence?

Answer: A claim is a statement you're arguing to be true; evidence is the proof (facts, data, examples) that supports the claim.

Explanation: Claims without evidence are just opinions. Evidence without claims lacks purpose and direction.

Question 7: Which transition word signals that you're about to present contrasting information? A) Moreover B) Consequently C) Nevertheless D) Additionally

Answer: C) Nevertheless

Explanation: "Nevertheless" signals contrast. "Moreover" and "Additionally" show continuation. "Consequently" shows cause/effect.

Question 8: What should an effective conclusion do? (Name at least 3 things)

Answer: An effective conclusion should: 1) Restate the thesis in new words, 2) Summarize main points, 3) Leave a lasting impression, 4) Provide broader significance or call to action.

Explanation: Conclusions should reinforce your argument without simply repeating earlier content.

Question 9: What type of evidence is generally considered most credible? A) Personal anecdotes B) Peer-reviewed research C) Celebrity endorsements D) Social media posts

Answer: B) Peer-reviewed research

Explanation: Peer-reviewed research has been evaluated by experts and is generally most reliable. Anecdotes can support but shouldn't replace data.

Question 10: Explain why this is problematic: "Studies show that students prefer later start times." (No citation)

Answer: The claim references "studies" without citing specific sources, making it unverifiable and less credible.

Explanation: Vague references to research can be used to support any claim. Specific citations (author, year, publication) allow readers to verify information.

Next Steps

  • Review any questions you found challenging
  • Revisit earlier lessons as needed
  • Move on to the next unit when ready