Grade: 8 Subject: ELA Unit: Rhetorical Analysis Lesson: 3 of 6 SAT: Craft+Structure ACT: Reading

Guided Practice with Rhetorical Analysis

Learn

This lesson provides guided practice applying rhetorical analysis skills to various texts, with step-by-step support as you identify and analyze persuasive techniques.

Rhetorical Analysis Framework

  • Speaker/Author: Who is communicating? What is their credibility?
  • Occasion: What prompted this text? What is the context?
  • Audience: Who is the intended audience?
  • Purpose: What is the author trying to achieve?
  • Subject: What is the main topic?
  • Tone: What is the author's attitude?

Steps for Analysis

  1. Read the text once for general understanding
  2. Identify the rhetorical situation (SOAPSTone)
  3. Find examples of ethos, pathos, and logos
  4. Note specific techniques (diction, imagery, syntax)
  5. Analyze how techniques support the purpose

Examples

Work through these guided examples analyzing real speeches and essays.

Example: Analyzing a Political Speech

Step 1: Identify the speaker and their credibility (ethos).

Step 2: Find emotional appeals and the emotions targeted (pathos).

Step 3: Locate logical arguments, facts, and statistics (logos).

Step 4: Examine word choice and its effect on the audience.

✏️ Practice

Test your understanding with these practice questions.

Practice Questions

0/3 correct
Question 1

What is the main idea of a passage?

A A small detail
B The central message or point
C The first sentence
D The author's name
Explanation: The main idea is the central message or most important point the author wants to convey.
Question 2

An inference is:

A Something stated directly
B A guess with no support
C A conclusion based on evidence
D The author's opinion
Explanation: An inference is a conclusion you draw based on evidence and reasoning, not stated directly.
Question 3

Context clues help you:

A Find the page number
B Understand unfamiliar words
C Count sentences
D Choose books
Explanation: Context clues are hints in the surrounding text that help you figure out the meaning of unfamiliar words.

Check Your Understanding

Test yourself with these review questions.

1. What does SOAPSTone stand for in rhetorical analysis?

Show Answer

Speaker, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, Subject, Tone - a framework for analyzing the rhetorical situation.

2. How does identifying the audience help with rhetorical analysis?

Show Answer

Knowing the audience helps you understand why the author chose specific appeals, language, and techniques to persuade that particular group.

3. What is the first step when beginning a rhetorical analysis?

Show Answer

Read the text once for general understanding before diving into detailed analysis.

4. What question helps you identify the "occasion" of a text?

Show Answer

"What prompted this text?" or "What historical/social context surrounds this piece?"

5. Why is the speaker's credibility important to analyze?

Show Answer

The speaker's credibility (ethos) affects how persuasive the argument is - audiences are more likely to trust credible sources.

6. What should you look for when analyzing diction?

Show Answer

Word choice patterns, connotations (positive/negative associations), level of formality, and how words create tone and mood.

7. How do you identify pathos in a text?

Show Answer

Look for emotional language, vivid imagery, personal stories, and appeals to values, fears, hopes, or sympathies.

8. What type of evidence indicates logos?

Show Answer

Facts, statistics, logical reasoning, cause-and-effect relationships, and expert testimony.

9. How does understanding purpose guide your analysis?

Show Answer

Purpose helps you evaluate whether the author's techniques are effective in achieving their goal (to inform, persuade, entertain, etc.).

10. What is the connection between rhetorical techniques and the author's purpose?

Show Answer

Authors deliberately choose techniques (appeals, diction, structure) that will best achieve their purpose with their specific audience.

Next Steps

  • Review any concepts that felt challenging
  • Move on to the next lesson when ready
  • Return to practice problems periodically for review