Subject-Verb Agreement
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Subjects and verbs must agree in number. A singular subject needs a singular verb; a plural subject needs a plural verb. The SAT and ACT often test tricky agreement situations.
Basic Rule
- Singular: The dog runs fast. (one dog)
- Plural: The dogs run fast. (multiple dogs)
Tricky Situation 1: Words Between Subject and Verb
Ignore phrases that come between the subject and verb.
- Correct: The box of cookies is on the table. (box is singular)
- Correct: The players on the team are practicing. (players is plural)
Tricky Situation 2: Compound Subjects
- With "and": Tom and Jerry are friends. (plural)
- With "or/nor": Neither the teacher nor the students were ready. (verb agrees with closer subject)
Tricky Situation 3: Indefinite Pronouns
- Always singular: each, everyone, everybody, anyone, nobody, someone, something, either, neither
- Example: Everyone is here. Each of the students has a book.
- Always plural: both, few, many, several
- Example: Few are chosen. Many have tried.
Tricky Situation 4: Inverted Sentences
When the subject comes after the verb, find the subject first.
- Correct: There are many reasons. (reasons is plural)
- Correct: Here is the answer. (answer is singular)
Tricky Situation 5: Collective Nouns
Words like team, group, family, class can be singular or plural depending on meaning.
- Acting as one: The team is winning. (one unit)
- Acting individually: The team are arguing among themselves. (individuals)
Practice Questions
Choose the correct verb form.
Question 1
The list of items (is/are) on the desk.
Question 2
Each of the students (has/have) completed the assignment.
Question 3
Neither the coach nor the players (was/were) satisfied with the result.
Question 4
There (is/are) several options to consider.
Question 5
The group of scientists (is/are) presenting their findings today.
Question 6
Everyone in the classes (need/needs) to bring a pencil.
Question 7
The news about the storms (worry/worries) the farmers.
Question 8
Either the manager or the employees (is/are) responsible.
Question 9
Many of the books on the shelf (belong/belongs) to the library.
Question 10
The committee (has/have) reached a unanimous decision.
Answer Key
Click to reveal answers
1. is - "List" is singular; ignore "of items"
2. has - "Each" is always singular
3. were - With "neither...nor," verb agrees with closer subject (players)
4. are - "Options" is plural; "there" is not the subject
5. is - "Group" is singular when acting as one unit
6. needs - "Everyone" is always singular
7. worries - "News" is singular (looks plural but isn't)
8. are - With "either...or," verb agrees with closer subject (employees)
9. belong - "Many" is always plural
10. has - "Committee" acting as one unit (unanimous)