Grade: Grade 5 Subject: Mathematics Unit: Data & Patterns SAT: ProblemSolving+DataAnalysis ACT: Math

Word Problems

Learn

Applying Data and Patterns in Real Life

Word problems help you see how data analysis and pattern recognition are used in everyday situations.

In this lesson, you'll solve problems about sports statistics, business sales, science experiments, and more!

Problem-Solving Strategy: RICE

  1. Read the problem carefully. What information is given?
  2. Identify what you need to find.
  3. Choose a strategy (find a pattern, make a table, draw a graph).
  4. Evaluate your answer. Does it make sense?
Key Words to Watch For:
  • "How many more/fewer" = subtraction (finding a difference)
  • "Total" or "altogether" = addition
  • "Average" or "mean" = add all values, divide by count
  • "Pattern" or "sequence" = look for a rule
  • "Predict" or "continue" = apply the pattern rule

Example Problems

Data Analysis

Example 1: Sports Statistics

The basketball team tracked their scores for 5 games:

Game 1 2 3 4 5
Score 48 52 45 58 52

Question: What was the team's average score per game?

Solution:

Step 1: Add all scores: 48 + 52 + 45 + 58 + 52 = 255

Step 2: Divide by number of games: 255 / 5 = 51 points per game

Pattern Recognition

Example 2: Savings Growth

Maria saves money each week. Her savings pattern is:

$5 $12 $19 $26 ?

Question: How much will Maria have saved by week 8?

Solution:

Step 1: Find the pattern rule: 12-5=7, 19-12=7, 26-19=7. Rule: Add $7 each week.

Step 2: Use the formula: Week 8 = $5 + (8-1) x $7 = $5 + $49 = $54

Practice Problems

Data Analysis

Problem 1

A farmer recorded the number of eggs collected each day:

DayMonTueWedThuFri
Eggs2431283532

Question: What is the range of eggs collected (highest - lowest)?

Pattern Recognition

Problem 2

A plant grows in a pattern. Its height each week is: 3 cm, 6 cm, 12 cm, 24 cm...

Question: How tall will the plant be in week 6?

Graph Interpretation

Problem 3

The graph shows book sales at a school fair:

16
Mon
24
Tue
20
Wed
28
Thu
32
Fri

Question: How many total books were sold during the week?

Real-World Application

Problem 4

A movie theater charges $8 for the first ticket and $6 for each additional ticket in a group purchase.

Question: How much would 5 tickets cost for a family?

Data Analysis

Problem 5

Students recorded daily high temperatures (in F): 72, 75, 71, 78, 74. The next week's temperatures were: 76, 79, 82, 80, 78.

Question: How much higher was the average temperature in week 2 compared to week 1?

Pattern Recognition

Problem 6

A fitness challenge has participants do pushups. Day 1: 5 pushups, Day 2: 8 pushups, Day 3: 11 pushups...

Question: On which day will a participant first do more than 30 pushups?

Graph Interpretation

Problem 7

A line graph shows a company's monthly profit doubled each month. January: $1,000, February: $2,000, March: $4,000...

Question: In which month will the profit first exceed $50,000?

Real-World Application

Problem 8

A taxi charges $3.50 base fare plus $2.25 per mile. The pattern of total cost is: $3.50, $5.75, $8.00, $10.25...

Question: What would be the total cost for a 7-mile trip?

Data Analysis

Problem 9

Test scores for 6 students: 85, 92, 78, 95, 88, 90. To get an A, the class average must be at least 88.

Question: Did the class earn an A?

Pattern Recognition

Problem 10

A bouncing ball loses height with each bounce: 128 cm, 64 cm, 32 cm, 16 cm...

Question: After how many bounces will the ball first bounce less than 5 cm?

Check Your Understanding

Challenge Problem

A store's weekly sales data shows: Week 1: $2,400, Week 2: $2,800, Week 3: $3,200, Week 4: $3,600.

If this pattern continues:

  1. What will Week 6 sales be?
  2. In which week will sales first exceed $5,000?

Summary

📖

Read Carefully

Identify given information and what you need to find.

📊

Organize Data

Use tables and graphs to see patterns clearly.

🔢

Find Patterns

Look for addition, subtraction, or multiplication rules.

Check Your Work

Verify your answer makes sense in context.

Real-World Connection: Data and pattern skills are used by scientists, business analysts, sports statisticians, weather forecasters, and many other professionals. These skills will help you throughout your life!

Next Steps

  • Continue to Common Mistakes to learn what errors to avoid
  • Practice creating your own word problems from real data
  • Look for data and patterns in news articles, sports reports, and science experiments