Division Facts
Division is the opposite of multiplication! When you know your times tables, you already know your division facts too. Let's discover how multiplication and division work together!
What is Division?
Division is Sharing Equally!
When we divide, we split a number into equal groups. If you have 12 cookies and 3 friends, how many cookies does each friend get? That's division!
12 cookies shared equally among 3 friends
12 / 3 = 4 cookies each!
🔢 Understanding the Parts
Every division problem has three parts:
12 / 3 = 4
12 = Dividend (the total you're splitting)
3 = Divisor (how many groups)
4 = Quotient (how many in each group)
- Sharing: 12 / 3 = ? means "12 items shared among 3 people - how many each?"
- Grouping: 12 / 3 = ? means "12 items in groups of 3 - how many groups?"
Division is the Inverse of Multiplication
Multiplication and Division are Opposites!
If you know that 4 x 3 = 12, then you also know that 12 / 3 = 4 and 12 / 4 = 3. They undo each other!
Multiplication
Division
🧠 Think Multiplication to Divide!
When you see a division problem, ask yourself: "What times the divisor equals the dividend?"
56 / 8 = ?
Think: "What number times 8 equals 56?"
You know: 7 x 8 = 56
So 56 / 8 = 7
If 6 x 7 = 42, then 42 / 7 = 6 AND 42 / 6 = 7
Fact Families
Numbers that Work Together!
A fact family is a group of related math facts using the same three numbers. Each fact family has 2 multiplication facts and 2 division facts.
Fact Family Triangle for 3, 7, and 21
📝 More Fact Family Examples
Fact Family for 4, 8, 32:
4 x 8 = 32 | 8 x 4 = 32 | 32 / 4 = 8 | 32 / 8 = 4
Fact Family for 6, 9, 54:
6 x 9 = 54 | 9 x 6 = 54 | 54 / 6 = 9 | 54 / 9 = 6
Division Strategies
/ 1 Facts
8 / 1 = 8
/ Same Number
9 / 9 = 1
0 / Any Number
0 / 5 = 0
/ 10 Facts
70 / 10 = 7
✋ Dividing by 2 - The Half Strategy
Dividing by 2 is the same as finding half of a number!
18 / 2 = ?
Think: "What is half of 18?"
18 / 2 = 9
🖐️ Dividing by 5 - Skip Count Strategy
Count by 5s until you reach the dividend. The number of jumps is your answer!
35 / 5 = ?
Count: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35
That's 7 jumps!
35 / 5 = 7
🔗 Use Multiplication Facts You Know
Turn the division into a multiplication question!
72 / 8 = ?
Think: "? x 8 = 72"
You know: 9 x 8 = 72
72 / 8 = 9
Division Facts Table
This table shows division facts. Find the dividend in the left column, then look across to find it divided by each number.
| / | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | 10 | 5 | - | - | 2 | - | - | - | - | 1 |
| 20 | 20 | 10 | - | 5 | 4 | - | - | - | - | 2 |
| 30 | 30 | 15 | 10 | - | 6 | 5 | - | - | - | 3 |
| 40 | 40 | 20 | - | 10 | 8 | - | - | 5 | - | 4 |
| 50 | 50 | 25 | - | - | 10 | - | - | - | - | 5 |
| 60 | 60 | 30 | 20 | 15 | 12 | 10 | - | - | - | 6 |
| 70 | 70 | 35 | - | - | 14 | - | 10 | - | - | 7 |
| 80 | 80 | 40 | - | 20 | 16 | - | - | 10 | - | 8 |
| 90 | 90 | 45 | 30 | - | 18 | 15 | - | - | 10 | 9 |
| 100 | 100 | 50 | - | 25 | 20 | - | - | - | - | 10 |
Note: "-" means the division doesn't result in a whole number.
Flash Card Practice
Click the card to see the answer, then click "Next" for a new problem!
Practice Problems
Test your division facts knowledge! Click the correct answer.
Problem 1
Problem 2
Problem 3
Problem 4
Problem 5
Speed Challenge
Practice makes perfect! Type your answer and press Enter to check.
Quick Division Quiz - Type Your Answer!
Check Your Understanding
If 7 x 9 = 63, what is 63 / 9?
What operation is the inverse (opposite) of multiplication?
How many division facts can you write from 8 x 6 = 48?
What is 45 / 5?
What We Learned
Division
Splitting a number into equal groups or finding how many in each group.
Inverse Operations
Division undoes multiplication. They are opposites!
Fact Families
Three numbers that make 2 multiplication and 2 division facts.
Think Multiplication
Use times tables to solve division problems quickly!
Next Steps
- Practice division flash cards daily
- Use fact families to connect multiplication and division
- When you see a division problem, think: "What times ___ equals ___?"
- Try making up word problems about sharing things equally
- Return to this lesson to practice the speed challenge!