Grade: Grade 10 Subject: Science (Chemistry) Unit: Chemical Reactions Lesson: 4 of 6 SAT: ProblemSolving+DataAnalysis ACT: Science

Energy in Reactions

Learn

Exothermic vs. Endothermic

  • Exothermic: Releases energy (products have less energy than reactants). Temperature rises.
  • Endothermic: Absorbs energy (products have more energy than reactants). Temperature drops.

Activation Energy

The minimum energy needed to start a reaction. Catalysts lower activation energy without being consumed.

Practice Problems

Problem 1: Combustion of methane releases heat. Is this exothermic or endothermic?

Answer: Exothermic (releases energy)

Problem 2: Photosynthesis requires sunlight energy. Classify this reaction.

Answer: Endothermic (absorbs energy)

Problem 3: In an energy diagram, products are lower than reactants. What type of reaction?

Answer: Exothermic (energy was released)

Problem 4: A cold pack feels cold when activated. Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic?

Answer: Endothermic (absorbs heat from surroundings)

Problem 5: Hand warmers release heat. Classify this reaction.

Answer: Exothermic

Problem 6: What does a catalyst do to activation energy?

Answer: Lowers it, making the reaction faster

Problem 7: Melting ice requires energy input. Classify this process.

Answer: Endothermic

Problem 8: Rusting of iron releases small amounts of heat over time. Classify.

Answer: Exothermic (slow oxidation)

Problem 9: Baking soda and vinegar feel cold when mixed. Is this exo- or endothermic?

Answer: Endothermic

Problem 10: The summit of an energy diagram represents what?

Answer: The transition state (highest energy point, activation energy barrier)