Question Types Overview
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Understanding the different question types you'll encounter on the SAT and ACT is essential for effective time management. Each question type requires a specific approach, and knowing what to expect helps you allocate your time wisely.
SAT Math Question Types
- Multiple Choice: Four answer choices; use process of elimination
- Student-Produced Response (Grid-In): No answer choices; calculate and enter your answer
- Data Analysis Questions: Interpret graphs, tables, and charts
- Word Problems: Translate real-world scenarios into mathematical expressions
ACT Math Question Types
- Pre-Algebra: Basic operations, fractions, decimals, percentages
- Elementary Algebra: Variables, expressions, equations
- Intermediate Algebra: Quadratics, systems, inequalities
- Coordinate Geometry: Graphing, slopes, distances
- Plane Geometry: Angles, triangles, circles, area, perimeter
- Trigonometry: Basic trig functions and identities
Time Allocation Strategy
Different question types require different amounts of time. Quick-solve questions (basic algebra, simple calculations) should take 30-60 seconds. Medium-complexity questions (word problems, data interpretation) typically need 60-90 seconds. Complex questions (multi-step problems, proofs) may require 2+ minutes.
Examples
Let's identify question types and estimate time needed for each.
Example 1: Quick-Solve (30-45 seconds)
Question: If 3x + 7 = 22, what is the value of x?
Type: Basic algebra / Multiple choice
Strategy: Direct solve - subtract 7, divide by 3
Solution: 3x = 15, so x = 5
Example 2: Medium Complexity (60-90 seconds)
Question: A store increases prices by 20%, then offers a 20% discount. What is the final price as a percentage of the original?
Type: Word problem / Percent change
Strategy: Work through systematically with a starting value
Solution: Start with $100. After 20% increase: $120. After 20% discount: $120 x 0.80 = $96. Final = 96% of original.
Example 3: Complex (2+ minutes)
Question: The table shows data for 200 students. If a student is selected at random from those who play a sport, what is the probability they also play an instrument?
Type: Data analysis / Conditional probability
Strategy: Read table carefully, identify the subset, calculate probability
Practice
Categorize each question by type and estimate the time you would spend on it. Then solve.
1. What is 15% of 80?
Hint: Identify type first, then solve.
2. If f(x) = 2x² - 3x + 1, what is f(4)?
Hint: Function evaluation - substitute and calculate.
3. A rectangle has a perimeter of 28 and a length that is 3 more than its width. What is the area?
Hint: Set up equations from the given relationships.
4. The graph shows monthly sales for two products. In which month was the difference between Product A and Product B sales the greatest?
Hint: Data interpretation - compare values at each point.
5. Simplify: (3x² + 2x - 5) - (x² - 4x + 2)
Hint: Combine like terms carefully with signs.
6. A car travels 180 miles in 3 hours. At this rate, how long will it take to travel 300 miles?
Hint: Find the rate first, then use it.
7. If the mean of 5 numbers is 12, and four of the numbers are 8, 10, 14, and 15, what is the fifth number?
Hint: Use the definition of mean to find the sum.
8. In a right triangle, one leg is 6 and the hypotenuse is 10. What is the area of the triangle?
Hint: Find the other leg using Pythagorean theorem.
9. Which of the following is equivalent to (x + 3)(x - 3)?
Hint: Recognize the special product pattern.
10. A survey of 100 students found that 60 like pizza, 45 like burgers, and 20 like both. How many like neither?
Hint: Use the inclusion-exclusion principle.
Check Your Understanding
Answer these reflection questions to solidify your learning.
- What are the main differences between SAT and ACT math question formats?
- How much time should you typically spend on a "quick-solve" question?
- What strategy helps you when you don't immediately know how to solve a multiple choice question?
- Why is it important to identify question types before solving?
Next Steps
- Practice categorizing questions before solving them
- Time yourself on individual questions to build awareness
- Move on to the Timed Drill lesson to practice under pressure
- Create a personal reference sheet of question types you find challenging