Grade: Grade 1 Subject: Mathematics Unit: Addition & Subtraction Within 20 SAT: Algebra ACT: Math

Common Mistakes

Learn to spot and avoid errors that many students make

📖 Learn

Everyone makes mistakes when learning math - that's how we learn! Let's look at common mistakes and learn how to avoid them.

Mistake #1: Counting the Starting Number

When counting on, some students accidentally count the starting number.

Wrong Way
8 + 3 = ?

Counting: "8, 9, 10" = 10

The student counted 8 as one of the 3!

Right Way
8 + 3 = ?

Start AT 8, then count 3 MORE: "9, 10, 11" = 11

Tip

Say "Start at 8" then count UP: "9, 10, 11"

Mistake #2: Adding Instead of Subtracting

Some students add when they should subtract (or the other way around).

Wrong Way
15 - 6 = 21

The student added instead of subtracted!

Right Way
15 - 6 = 9

The minus sign (-) means take away, so the answer is SMALLER.

Tip

Check: When you subtract, your answer should be smaller than the first number!

Mistake #3: Counting Back Wrong

When subtracting by counting back, some students count wrong.

Wrong Way
12 - 4 = ?

Counting back: "12, 11, 10, 9" = 9

The student counted 12 as one of the 4!

Right Way
12 - 4 = ?

Start AT 12, count back 4: "11, 10, 9, 8" = 8

Tip

Use your fingers! Put up 4 fingers, then count back one finger at a time.

Mistake #4: Mixing Up Numbers

Sometimes students write numbers backward or in the wrong order.

Wrong Way
6 + 7 = 31 (wrote 13 backward!)
Right Way
6 + 7 = 13
Tip

For teen numbers, the 1 comes FIRST (it means "ten"). So thirteen = 13, not 31.

Mistake #5: Forgetting to Check Your Work

Many mistakes happen because students rush and don't double-check.

How to Check Addition

Use subtraction! If 8 + 5 = 13, then 13 - 5 should equal 8.

8 + 5 = 13 → Check: 13 - 5 = 8 ✓
How to Check Subtraction

Use addition! If 14 - 6 = 8, then 8 + 6 should equal 14.

14 - 6 = 8 → Check: 8 + 6 = 14 ✓

💡 Examples

Let's practice spotting and fixing mistakes!

Problem Wrong Answer What Went Wrong? Right Answer
9 + 4 12 Counted 9 as one of the 4 13
16 - 7 23 Added instead of subtracted 9
7 + 8 51 Wrote 15 backward 15
13 - 5 9 Counted 13 when counting back 8

✏️ Practice

Find the correct answer for each problem. Watch out for common mistakes!

Problem 1

9 + 5 = ?
Need a hint?

Start AT 9, then count 5 more: 10, 11, 12, 13, 14

Problem 2

15 - 8 = ?
Need a hint?

Remember: subtract means the answer is SMALLER than 15

Problem 3

8 + 9 = ?
Need a hint?

Make sure you write the teen number correctly - the 1 comes FIRST!

Problem 4

14 - 8 = ?
Need a hint?

Count back from 14 (but don't count 14!): 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6

Problem 5

7 + 5 = ?
Need a hint?

Start at 7, count 5 more: 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. Check: Does 12 - 5 = 7? Yes!

Problem 6

20 - 9 = ?
Need a hint?

20 take away 9. Count back 9 from 20 (don't count 20!)

Problem 7

9 + 7 = ?
Need a hint?

Start at 9, count 7 more. Write carefully - 16, not 61!

Problem 8

11 - 6 = ?
Need a hint?

Check your answer: 5 + 6 should equal 11!

✅ Check Your Understanding

Can you identify these mistakes?

Self-Check Questions
  • When you add, should your answer be bigger or smaller than the numbers you started with?
  • When you subtract, should your answer be bigger or smaller than the first number?
  • What's the best way to check an addition problem?
  • How do you write the number "fifteen" - 15 or 51?
Check Your Answers
  • Add = answer is BIGGER
  • Subtract = answer is SMALLER
  • Check addition by subtracting
  • Fifteen = 15 (1 comes first for teen numbers)

🚀 Next Steps

  • Always double-check your work using the opposite operation
  • Take your time - rushing causes mistakes!
  • When you're ready, take the Unit Quiz to test your skills